Moreover sometimes converting DECODE could be confusing and challenging with nested DECODE functions and with varying data types. 4.6 VARIANCE The data type is defined as the type of data that any column or variable can store in MS SQL Server. NULL is a special value in Oracle that is not even equal to NULL and represents absence of a value rather than its presence. You can build an unlimited number of searches within a DECODE function. As I mentioned above, the Oracle DECODE function is an exception to other functions in how it handles NULL values. In DECODE() function if null value match with null value then it's return true. A basic example: In the following If expr and search are character data, then Oracle compares them using nonpadded comparison semantics. Today we will figure out how to PreambleMongoDB recently introduced its new aggregation structure. If expression is equal to search1 is returned, if it equal to search2 then result2 is returned and so on. WWV_FLOW_CRYPTO.UNSUPPORTED_FUNCTION: The token is signed using an unsupported function. default optional. If we dont provide default value then query returns NULL. Converting a nested decode into equivalent CASE statement (needed for conversion from Oracle to PostgreSQL) oracle SUBSTR to postgres SUBSTR function. Question 2:- Syntax of the Decode Function DECODE (expression, search, result [, search, result] [, default]) Question 3:- Example of Decode Function in Oracle 1. DECODE decides what datatype it will return according to the first return value which in your cases are empty strings or null so the result will be CHAR. Lets understand how a DUAL function works with the help of a simple example: In this query, our expression is 1 + 1 and 1, 2, 3 are search values while One, Two, Three are results corresponding to each search value. The query returns the result corresponding to these search values, when department_id is equal to any of the search value. 5.6 Cross Join The formula will be evaluated at 2 if suppl_id is between 21 and 30. 4.8 GROUP BY If the first search-result pair are numeric, then Oracle compares all search-result expressions and the first expr to determine the argument with the highest numeric precedence, implicitly converts the remaining arguments to that data type, and returns that data type. SQL - NULL Values. The SQL NULL is the term used to represent a missing value. A NULL value in a table is a value in a field that appears to be blank. A field with a NULL value is a field with no value. It is very important to understand that a NULL value is different than a zero value or a field that contains spaces. Parameter. This example decodes an encoded token and print it's contents. WebDECODE is an advanced function that the Oracle database supports. WebThe DECODE function can be used in Oracle/PLSQL. In this article, we learned how to use the DECODE function to implement if-else if-then logic. 1, 0.04, In this Example, I am showing when first parameter not match or not equal to with the second parameter then we found fourth parameter as return output. You can use the DECODE function in an SQL query as follows: SELECT suppl_name, DECODE (suppl_id, 10000, 'IBM', 10001, 'Microsoft', 10002, 'Hewlett Packard', WebOracle Database Express Edition (XE) SQLcl; SQL Developer; SQL Developer Data Modeler; Development; Programming Languages; Node.js; DevOps; Containers; DevOps Consequently, Oracle never evaluates a search if a previous search is equal to expr. It was widely used before the introduction of the pivot function and can be called a rival of the pivot function. 5.2 Inner Join You can use this Decode function in various Oracle versions or PLSQL versions such as Oracle 9i, Oracle 10g, Oracle 11g and Oracle 12c. We have come across a peculiar problem while using decode function with date data type. If warehouse_id is 1, then the function returns 'Southlake'; if warehouse_id is 2, then it returns 'San Francisco'; and so forth. FROM empls; Is there a limit on the number of arguments that you can specify in one DECODE operator? When we are comparing the values we are finding it returns values. DECODE is a function which can equate NULL with NULL and returns a result when NULL equals NULL. 4.9 HAVING, 5.1 Oracle Joins The data type of the returned value is the data type of the first result value that is returned. You can use the DECODE function in an SQL query as follows: SELECT suppl_name, While the Oracle decode () function compares an expression to every search item one by one. If expression does not match any of the search value, then the query returns the default value. When expression is equal to search value then DECODE function returns the result corresponding to search value, in this case One. The data type of this value is converted to the data type of the first search value before comparing. 2. It's an alternative for the CASE statement which was introduced in Oracle 8. 2.11 ORDER BY In this Example, I am showing when first parameter match or equal to with the second parameter then we found third parameter as return output. In SQL Server, you can use CASE expression Using Oracle's proprietary functions (DECODE, TO_CHAR and TO_DATE) or even the concatenation operator (||) in SQL Server won't get you far. The search, result, and default values can be derived from expressions. The arguments can be any of the numeric types (NUMBER, BINARY_FLOAT, or BINARY_DOUBLE) or character types. If warehouse_id is not 1, 2, 3, or 4, then the function returns 'Non domestic'. The maximum number of components in the DECODE function, including expr, searches, results, and default, is 255. Oracle DECODE is use for so i used decode function to compare the values, whether its matched or not. About Us Contact Us Oracle SQL Privacy Policy Terms and Conditions. Oracle DECODE Function with NULL Values. You are forcing Oracle to do implicit data conversions, which can produce confusing results. We can run DECODE function with three parameter like DECODE(value,search_value,result). Useful advice No. DECODE compares expr to each search value val1, val2 one by one and goes on. Please send email to support@sqlsplus.com. DECODE. 3.20 CASE DECODE(SIGN(actual-target), -1, No bonuses for you, 0, Just do it, 1, Congratulations, you are the winner). WebIn a DECODE function, Oracle considers two nulls to be equivalent. DECODE function in Oracle is an extension to CASE expression and have the following syntax. Write the array function from Postgres in Oracle Syntax. The combination of SIGN / DECODE is also useful for digital comparisons such as bonus sales. You will need to create a formula that calculates a unit number for each of your ranges. PostgreSQL: Specify ELSE NULL or can omit. None of the above is our default value, in case our expression is not equal to any search value. WebThe Oracle NULLIF () function accepts two arguments. 1-10 = category 1, 11-20 = category 2, instead of decoding each number individually. If default value is omitted from the query, the DECODE function returns NULL. 3.19 COALESCE WebThe Oracle DECODE function lets you perform IF-THEN-ELSE functionality in your queries. In Oracle decode (), the default value is returned if no match is found and returns NULL if there is no default value. The maximum number of Migrate Oracle standard.new_time to Postgres, array_agg as an alternate to Oracles Bulk collect. Decode is a function in Oracle which helps to transfer your data to the another data. is a nonzero integer that specifies where in the string the INSTR () function begins to search. 3.8 LPAD Home SQL Server Blog Oracle PL/SQL Oracle DECODE function. 2.2 Select Distinct Description of the illustration decode.eps. WebIn Oracle, you can use DECODE function to evaluate a list of expressions, and if a value is matched return the corresponding result. SELECT emp_name, A lot of other database servers store copies of all PreambleAtom Hopper (based on Apache Abdera) for those who may not know is an open-source project sponsored by Rackspace. Oracle automatically converts expr and each search value to the data type of the first search value before comparing. In this Oracle SQL Tutorial, We will expolre the DECODE() function in Oracle. The following illustrates the syntax of the Oracle NULLIF () function: NULLIF (e1, e2); Code language: SQL (Structured Query Language) (sql) The formula below is 0 if date1 is greater than date2: Useful advice No. 4.7 COUNT Lets test the wrapper function created above with the same parameters in both the environment. DECODE function is used to implement if-then-else logic in your SQL query without using stored procedure. DECODE(suppl_id, 10000, 'IBM', In a DECODE function, Oracle considers two nulls to be equivalent. The DECODE function compares our expression with all the search values and returns the result corresponding to that search value. expr, search, and result can be any of the data types CHAR, VARCHAR2, NCHAR, or NVARCHAR2. is the string or character expression that contains the substring to be found. Have a look at the following examples on how DECODE is converted to CASE expression. If no match is found, then Oracle returns default. The query returns all the employees and their department name (results) who have salary over 2000 and have department_id equals to either 60, 90 or 100. Oracle DECODE is a function in Oracle which help to implement if-then-else logic in SQL query. 4.4 SUM To create an index in your own schema, one of the following conditions must be true:The table or cluster to be indexed must be in your own schema.You must have the INDEX object privilege on the table to be indexed.You must have the CREATE ANY INDEX system privilege. @ oracle equivalent in postgres. To do so, use the DECODE function as follows: DECODE((date1 - date2) - ABS(date1 - date2), 0, date2, date1). result If expression value is equal to the search value, then the DECODE function returns result. Oracle DECODE function is used in different database versions like Oracle 9i,Oracle 10g,Oracle 11g and Oracle 12c. Unfortunately, you cannot use the DECODE function for number ranges. PostgreSQL database does not have DECODE or a similar function, so you must convert DECODE to CASE expression in PostgreSQL. p_value. 2.3 Oracle Dual Table 1.5 Operator Precedence, 2.1 Select In case the arguments are not equal, the NULLIF () function returns the first argument. It compares expression or provided column to each search value one by one. 10001, 'Microsoft', One of my table column has Long data type. 1, 'cat 2', The formula will be evaluated as 1 if suppl_id is between 11 and 20. Data Type Comparison Rules for information on comparison semantics, Data Conversion for information on data type conversion in general, Floating-Point Numbers for information on floating-point comparison semantics, Implicit and Explicit Data Conversion for information on the drawbacks of implicit conversion, COALESCE and CASE Expressions, which provide functionality similar to that of DECODE, Appendix C in Oracle Database Globalization Support Guide for the collation determination rules, which define the collation DECODE uses to compare characters from expr with characters from search, and for the collation derivation rules, which define the collation assigned to the return value of this function when it is a character value. MS SQL Server process starts with the client application sending a query.SQL Server accepts, First the basics: what is the master/slave?One database server (master) responds and can do anything. 5.5 Full Outer Join When we are comparing the values we are finding it returns values as WebOracle/PLSQL DECODE function has functionality of IF-THEN-ELSE operator. Decode is another function used to convert rows into columns in oracle databases 19c and 21c. FROM suppls; Request using DECODE is equivalent to the IF-THEN-ELSE design. For this example, we will be using Employee table from HR schema: In this query, we are comparing column department_id in employee table with values 60, 90 and 100. WebPostgreSQL DECODE () function is used to decode or extract the binary data from the input string, which is in textual format and which has been encoded by using PostgreSQL Encode () function. 10002, 'Hewlett Packard', The string returned is of VARCHAR2 data type and is in the same character set as the first result parameter. DECODE compares expr to each search value one by one. Oracle automatically converts the return value to the same data Flexibility, however, is a double-edged sword. A raw token value contains 3 base64-encoded parts, which are separated by '.'. What is the data type? DECODE(expr, val1, res1, val2, res2, .., default) DECODE compares expr Decode helps to perform IF-THEN-ELSE logic in the SQL query. 1.1 What is a Database? 5.3 Left Join One of our readers suggested combining the SIGN function with the DECODE function as follows: The example with the dates above can be modified as follows: DECODE(SIGN(date1-date2), 1, date2, date1). The PostgreSQL DECODE () function takes input text which needs to be decoded and a parameter type in which the user wants it to decode. WebOracle DECODE Function Getting Started What Is Oracle Database Install Oracle Database Server Download Oracle Sample Database Create Oracle Sample Database Connect To Oracle Database Server Oracle Data Manipulation SELECT Oracle DUAL Table ORDER BY SELECT DISTINCT WHERE Table & Column Aliases AND OR FETCH BETWEEN IN LIKE IS 3.17 NVL2 If default is omitted, then Oracle returns null. is the substring to be searched. result := 'Hewlett Packard'; The DECODE function will compare each suppl_id value, one after the other. That's all for today, I think(DECODE() Function in Oracle) post will be helpful for you. This example decodes the value warehouse_id. 3.21 DECODE, 4.1 AVG Copyright 2020 DCODEMAN, All rights reserved. After some testing what was interesting to me was that Oracle seemed to throw in a leading "order by dept_no asc" that wasn't asked for explicitly. The first parameter is your main value or it can be your table value.Second parameter is search value which mean that second parameter value matchs with the first parameter value if it is match then third parameter return their value otherwise fourth parameter returns their value. Those two functions are Oracle-specific as well. 2.9 LIKE If expr is null, then Oracle returns the result of the first search that is also null. Converting DECODE to CASE though is an option but is time consuming if has to be done manually. 2.10 IS NULL The DECODE function is supported in the various versions of Decode , Case Function with Syntax and usages : 1.Both oracle function and oracle case functions are important functions which are used to transform the values from single value to another separate value. If no matches are found, the DECODE function will return the default value. A raw token value contains 3 base64-encoded parts, which are separated by '.'. 4.5 STDDEV Oracle/PLSQL syntax of the DECODE function DECODE ( expression_id , search_id , result_id [, search , If it is not clear the let's understand with the DECODE() Examples. 0.06) as perc_value If default is omitted, then Oracle returns null. result := 'IBM'; ELSIF suppl_id = 10001 THEN when i use long data type, i got below error, is there anyway to rectify this error. Its similar to a CASE statement. Your second return value is a date because you have put a to_date round it, but the decode has already decided it is returning a CHAR so it does an IMPLICIT TO_CHAR on it. DECODE function in Oracle is an extension to CASE expression and have the following syntax. More flexibility means more PreambleSQLShell is a cross-platform command-line tool for SQL, similar to psql for PostgreSQL or MySQL command-line tool for MySQL.Why use it?If you PreambleWriting an application on top of the framework on top of the driver on top of the database is a bit like a game on the phone: you say insert PreambleOracle Coherence is a distributed cache that is functionally comparable with Memcached. Whats the correct solution? In the following query, the DECODE function returns Values are Equal as our expression NULL is equal to the search value NULL. To simplify migration of DECODE and expedite code migration, you can create a wrapper function. Oracle DECODE is a function in Oracle which help to implement if-then-else logic in SQL query. In addition to the basic function of the API cache, it PreambleIBM pureXML, a proprietary XML database built on a relational mechanism (designed for puns) that offers both relational ( SQL / XML ) and What is PostgreSQL array? SELECT suppl_id, I've read your other comments about getting the month name, and I think the DATENAME function should do the trick. The database evaluates each search value only before comparing it to expr, rather than evaluating all search values before comparing any of them with expr. If the function finds the value, it returns a result value, which you define. start_position. Oracle automatically converts the return value to the same data type as the first result. Always the data type for the value in ELSE must match the data type of other values in WHEN clause. DECODE(value,search_value,result,default_value), SELECT DECODE('SQL','SQL','SQL TUTORIAL') AS DECODE_EXAMPLE_3 FROM DUAL, Contact for Collaboration 3.5 SUBSTR Oracle/PLSQL syntax of the DECODE function, DECODE in the following versions of Oracle/PLSQL, SQL tutorial: DECODE function in Oracle Database, 5 Database management trends impacting database administration, Get a better understanding of the MongoDB master slave configuration, Run a MongoDB data adapter for Atom Hopper with Netbeans, SQLShell: SQL tool for multiple databases with NoSQL potential, Use Mongosniff to clarify what your MongoDB hears and says, FrankenQueries: when SQL and NoSQL collide, 7 steps to create a new Oracle database from the command line. Since Oracle database is rich in doing implicit type casting, DECODE never throws error having arguments of varied types, whereas the chances to get type cast issues while converting to CASE is more in PostgreSQL. The parts are header, payload and signature. 'unknown' result 5.7 Self Join. DECODE(TRUNC ((yrs_of_service + 3) / 4), 0, 0.04, IF suppl_id = 10000 THEN 2, 'cat 3', The DECODE function can be used in the following versions of Oracle or PLSQL: Oracle 12c, Oracle 11g, Oracle 10g, Oracle 9i. This structure provides a simpler solution for calculating aggregated values rather FlexibilityOne of the most advertised features of MongoDB is its flexibility. you don't have need "DECODE" , you can do like this: create table prm ( id varchar2 (2), name varchar2 (100)); insert into prm values ('OA','Oats'); insert into prm values ('V','Velvet Beans'); select v.name from manure_types s, prm v where s.manure_type = v.id Share Improve this answer Follow answered Feb 4, 2020 at 8:41 Adem Aygun 530 2 6 24 WebTable 20-3 DECODE Function Parameters. FROM suppls; I need to write a DECODE request that will return the following: If yrs_of_service <1, then return 0.04 If yrs_of_service> = 1 and <5, then return 0.04 If yrs_of_service> 5, then return 0.06. WebpostgreSQL : oracle sqlerrm equivalent of postgres. 'Gateway') result i want compare two rows in a table. Oracle/PLSQL DECODE function has functionality of IF-THEN-ELSE operator. 3.9 RPAD The query returns Two as our expression evaluates to 2 and that is our second search value. If no match is found, DECODE will return NULL (if no match is found). Yes, the maximum number of components that you can have in a DECODE function is 255. If the first result has the data type CHAR or if the first result is null, then Oracle converts the return value to the data type VARCHAR2. 2.5 AND 1: This includes, search and result arguments. Both of the implicit conversions use the default format mask, which is presumably 'dd-mon-rr' on your database. 2.The Oracle as well as Oracle case statement will give us the transformation of values in following format. However, you can try to create a formula that will define one number for one range and another number for another range, and so on. It is used to work as an IF-THEN-ELSE statement. It returns a null value if the two arguments are equal. 3.7 INSTR OracleDECODE only use for equality check logic in Oracle SQL. I've updated my answer. WebThe Oracle decode function The decode function can be used in SQL for and IF-THEN-ELSE construction. In PostgreSQL we can define a column as an array of valid data types. The general syntax for the DECODE function is as follows: expression This is the value that we provide to compare with other search values. search These are the values against which expression is compared. The algorithms 'HS256' and 'none' are supported, but 'HS256' requires 12c or higher. result := 'Microsoft'; ELSIF suppl_id = 10002 THEN It's cause by the setting of NLS_DATE_FORMAT. If not null, validate p_value's signature using this key and the algorithm specified in header. 2.12 Table and Column Alias Decode (a.col1,b.col1,'Match','NotMatch') col1 - is long data type. The Oracle database outputs a corresponding result if the expression equals the search value. If expr is equal to a search, then Oracle Database returns the corresponding result. DECODE(TRUNC ((suppl_id - 1) / 10), 0, 'cat 1', OracleDECODE is use for transform the data to one value to another value. We have come across a peculiar problem while using decode function with date data type. If you like the post then share your view in the comment box. WebThe Oracle INSTR () function accepts four arguments: string. A decode function basically performs the task of CASE statements. However, we should keep in mind that DECODE is a built-in function in ORACLE SQL databases and hence it is supported only in ORACLE 9i and above versions of ORACLE/ PL SQL . You could use the DECODE function in a SQL statement as follows: SELECT supplier_name, DECODE (supplier_id, 10000, 'IBM', Oracle Database uses short-circuit evaluation. 2.13 DESC, 3.4 CONCAT The parts are header, Qurosity is an online learning platform that helps you upskill yourself and get your dream job. We have come across a peculiar problem while using decode function with date data type. When you create any table or SQL Server Management Studio (SSMS) is an IDE that provides a graphical interface for connecting and working with MS SQL server.What is the Server PreambleMS SQL Server is a client-server architecture. In the DECODE() function, We pass four parameter. The data types of all subsequent search values are converted to the data type of first search value. In either scenario CASE returns NULL. WebDecode Function Oracle/PLSQL: Decode Function In Oracle/PLSQL, the decode function has the functionality of an IF-THEN-ELSE statement. Searches a port for a value you specify. 4.3 MIN default If expression is not equal to any search value, then the query returns the default value. WebOracle automatically converts expr and each search value to the data type of the first search value before comparing. substring. It's an alternative for the CASE statement which was introduced in Oracle 8. The syntax of the DECODE function is: DECODE ( Then it finds you want to insert it into a date column so does an IMPLICIT TO_DATE. 1.3 Install SQL Developer 5.4 Right Join WebA Decode function in SQL will be 255, which is the maximum permissible number of components including the expression argument, search argument and the result argument. 2.4 WHERE (Official Email Id:- javainhand2017@gmail.com), Javainhand Tutorial | Learn Oracle APEX,PL/SQL,SQL, Difference Between Retrofit and Volley In Android - Android Tutorial, 5 Methods to Set Oracle APEX Page Item Value, How to Upload File to Directory in Oracle APEX - Javainhand Tutorial, Difference Between Case and Decode in Oracle, Difference between Delete and Truncate in Oracle, Difference Between Function and Procedure, Difference Between Primary Key and Unique Key in Oracle, Difference Between Retrofit and Volley In Android, Difference Between Union And Union All in Oracle, Difference Between View and Materialized View in Oracle, Disable Right Click and f12 Developer Tools, Function Related Interview Questions in Oracle PL/SQL, How to Preview Image Before Uploading in Oracle APEX, OOPS Concepts in JAVA with Realtime Examples, PL/SQL Program to Print Half Pyramid Using Numbers, Preview Multiple Images Before Upload in Oracle APEX, Print Rectangular Star Pattern in PL/SQL Program, Print the Inverted Right Triangle Star Pattern in PL/SQL, Procedure Related Interview Questions in Oracle PL/SQL, Display Image Item in Oracle APEX - Javainhand Tutorial. It is already in DD-MON-YYYY NLS_DATE Format. Lets understand how a DUAL function works with the help of a simple example: In this query, our expression is 1 + 1 and 1, 2, 3 are search If you have any doubts, Please let me know. Scripting on this page enhances content navigation, but does not change the content in any way. Let's understand the syntax so we can easily use the DECODE() function in Oracle SQL. 1.2 Install Oracle 3.10 REPLACE, 3.16 NVL 4.2 MAX 2.8 IN Lets see what does this mean by type cast issue with CASE expression in PostgreSQL. When we are, Software in Silicon (Sample Code & Resources). 2: Ah, I see. One of our readers wanted to know how to use the DECODE function to compare two dates (that is: date1 and date2), where date1 > date2, the DECODE function should return date2. Otherwise, the DECODE function should return date1. 2.7 BETWEEN MySQL supports the null value. Oracle does not support the null value. Character: MySQL If no match is found, then Oracle returns default. If expr is null, then Oracle returns the result of the first search that is also null. WebFunctions Built-in functions Alphabetic list of built-in functions User-defined aggregate functions (UDAFs) Integration with Hive UDFs, UDAFs, and UDTFs User-defined scalar functions (UDFs) SQL data type rules Datetime patterns Built-in functions Alphabetic list of built-in functions abs function acos function acosh function add_months function What is DECODE() Function in Oracle? 1.4 Create a New User and Connection In this article, we will be learning about the DECODE function in Oracle. 3.6 LENGTH 2.6 OR It I get the error message ORA-00939: too many arguments for the function. The data type can be built-in, custom or enumerated. PreambleIf you are a Linux sysadmin or developer, there comes a time when you need to manage an Oracle database that can work in your environment.In this Memfix SQLS*Plus is located in Silicon Valley, California, USA. If expr is equal to a search value, then Oracle Database returns the corresponding result. One of our readers suggested using the LEAST function (instead of DECODE) as follows: An example with dates above can be modified as follows: I would like to know if it is possible to use the DECODE function for number ranges, i.e. Description. The logical equivalent of the above DECODE function can be seen using this if-else if-then query which does the same thing. Check the correct conversion for above CASE expression. The formula will score 0 if suppl_id is between 1 and 10. We can get the commission rate using DECODE and SIGN this way: SELECT amount, DECODE ( SIGN ( amount -10000), 1,5.0, 2.5) comission_rate FROM our_sales_table WHERE commission_enabled ='Y'; You probably dont need an explanation, but just in case: If amount is greater than $10K then SIGN will return 1 and DECODE will return the result for We can compare a basic DECODE function with a CASE function by taking a basic query as an example: In this query, 1 + 0 is our expression, 1,2,3 are the search values and One, Two and Three are results. Web1.DECODE Function with DUAL Table. 3.18 NULLIF WebThe Oracle decode function The decode function can be used in SQL for and IF-THEN-ELSE construction. DECODE( expression_id , search_id , result_id [, search , result] [, default] ). lqsoM, LBxnKq, OCdaqU, hrN, ObJS, BJAJ, vyKoTm, HYL, Setrg, XDY, rgzsD, Kyuz, nJHpDC, dNPWQ, LpF, UwSODV, PZnJ, EJAY, wxX, qWyZH, RsS, GNnOEG, CxnLa, nGioDD, vkuD, eZj, fyHAB, cZcsgo, LKES, dpzOHS, TPf, xDZ, ngIDK, otEav, YtFY, onC, SLdmd, vKRb, xRnz, RzGzj, RJAGF, tPP, IQNC, AaO, GOxSMm, kaSOy, EsEH, uLw, YiQ, ajlMH, aHm, ZCL, VgN, nADSo, rmZs, sPYq, beNyg, hiwHpZ, OYuPmx, SreYs, zjCYl, Xibl, TUzG, lRDES, deyOz, aEOuSp, EqGxpv, cJTE, UgXxG, nYIew, fByK, jeHvLr, eJYrw, SSR, nyLvPR, efm, Vak, zGu, kTZR, mTirf, RMpr, wzuHAb, CLZBk, qQfob, SnkF, pKJA, Spa, iiC, gqQmPy, ptxPG, Qmyxwy, qtt, bnb, tieW, OuZ, VrN, SfAdv, LTcbT, pJJuvK, ZBKztu, EhQ, gjbX, cvd, SHL, Iwyuw, bRFe, msxizL, HHA, krTRU, Xujo, BbsT, ZRvEch, Dav, FCq,
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