SWD: short wave diathermy is deep heating modality which uses heat to provide pain relief,it improves the blood supply to targeted muscle, removal of waste products. Step 2: Bend both knees until they are both 90-degree angles and sink towards the floor.. If your genu valgum bothers you, you can reach out to your physician for an evaluation and potential treatment options beyond exercise., Center for Sports Medicine: Biceps Tendinopathy and Strain., Kansas Orthopaedic Center: Biceps Teondon Tendinitis (Proximal) and Tenosynovitis., Primary Care Sports Medicine: Genu valgum., UC Health: Understanding Genu valgum (Proximal).. Repeat this exercise with both legs ten to fifteen times., While many cases of genu valgum are due to muscle weakness, some cases are caused by underlying skeletal and structural differences. The neonate was seen on the first day of life by a pediatric occupational therapist, who instructed the family on passive range of motion stretching. 1. 2011;5(2):143-149. Allow yourself to relax into your what feels like your "normal" standing position, with your knees hyperextended but not locked. : Compressing the knee with a compression wrap or elastic bandage can also help manage to swell and reduce pain. This approach can provide an alternative to passive approaches such It happens very rarely that after 2 years of age the physiological genu varum does not get disappear. From a biomechanical point of view, genu recurvatum occurs during the stance phase. This is when the persons pacing is abnormal wherein the forefoot is rotated outward. The three types of genu recurvatum are external rotary deformity (ERD) recurvatum, internal rotary deformity (IRD) recurvatum and nonrotary deformity (NRD) recurvatum. Constitutional genu recurvatum is generally bilateral, symmetric, < 15. To report our clinical experience and propose a biomechanical factor-based treatment strategy for improvement of genu recurvatum (GR) to reduce the need for knee-ankle-foot orthosis (KAFO) or surgical treatment. The presence of structural changes in one type 1 and the complete absence of these changes in the other can be explained by the variation in the underlying causative factors. The foot touches the ground on the outer edge of the foot. Anti-inflammatory medications can be helpful. . Gastrocnemius muscle weakness (in a standing position). This exercise if diligently practiced, everyday, will help in correcting lordosis. given the distinct pathological origins of the condition, treatment of symptomatic genu recurvatum can be grouped into 3 major categories: osseous surgical management, often entailing osteotomy of the tibia; soft tissue surgical management, aimed at tensioning the posterior soft tissues; and nonoperative management, which focuses on strengthening .switcher .selected a:hover {background:#f0f0f0} Step 1: Stand with your feet hip-width apart and wrap a circular exercise band just below your knees. Position the front of the thigh on top of a foam roller. My program used this old-school wisdom, combined with modern research trends . Genu recurvatum causes could be due to muscle weakness (especially quadriceps), injury, or the shape of the bones at their knee. This type is resistant to conservative treatment, and casting or surgery is the treatment of choice. How Long Does Cocaine Stay in Your System? Genu varum can be corrected either by non-surgical or surgical techniques. In a situation where we have a chronic injury or a bony problem with the tibia, the only answer may be bracing or a surgery. The knee joint is shaped or pulled in a way that causes the legs to bow inwards. Genu recurvatum is a common entity found in the clinic that may have negativr! It may be unilateral or bilateral and may occur as either [] You can repeat this fifteen times per set. A person can reduce their risk of getting a hyperextended knee through exercise and stretching. exercise therapy, Tactile Defensiveness(Touch sensitivity). Spontaneous resolution of genu recurvatum can occur, but cases of severe deformity in neglected children also have been described. Porcentualmente se estima que 1 de cada 100.000 nacidos vivos padece de genu recurvatum. Step 1: Anchor the resistance band to something sturdy at about thigh level and stand at the end of the band, perpendicular to the anchor. Under this condition, the knee bends backward with an extensive extension in the tibiofemoral joint. The posture is identified right away by just looking at the person from the side since the alignment of the legs is curved. Osteoarthritis Pain & Knee Exercises: #kneepainOsteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease if you want to avoid . Squats help strengthen your quads and hamstrings, while adding the exercise band engages your hip flexors. This can help bring down swelling and manage pain. Lie on your back, with your foot raised, as shown in the image. This gives a favorable support to the knee since it can control the abnormal bending of the knee-joints and stabilizes the leg. The objective was to update scientific knowledge on the influence of the menstrual cycle on knee laxity and the risk of ACL injury, with a focus on anterior . The recurvatum appearance is brought by the knees that are situated in a hyperextended position. Step 3: Hold this position for several seconds, then release back to a standing position.. J Child Orthop. Jackson A. Surgery is not typically the first treatment choice for a person with genu valgum. Prenatal diagnosis of congenital genu recurvatum following amniocentesis complicated by leakage. [2] Hyperextension of the knee may be mild, moderate or severe. When someone with genu valgum stands with their knees together, their feet do not touch. Step 3:. Genu Recurvatum. The results of anatomy ultrasonography scan at 19 weeks gestation had been normal. PM R. 2015 Feb; 7(2):105-12. . This case report describes the clinical decision-making and differential diagnostic process for a patient with atypical bilateral lower limb pain due to a benign thoracic spinal tumor. congenital. All rights reserved. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. DOI: 10.1016/j.pmrj.2015.04.007 Corpus ID: 35827685; Prevention of Genu Recurvatum in Poststroke Patients Using a Hinged Soft Knee Orthosis @article{Portnoy2015PreventionOG, title={Prevention of Genu Recurvatum in Poststroke Patients Using a Hinged Soft Knee Orthosis}, author={Sigal Portnoy and Asaf Frechtel and Eitan Raveh and Isabella Schwartz}, journal={PM\&R}, year={2015}, volume={7} } 1994;(303):198-202. Who first described the Circle of Willis, the arterial ring at the base of the brain? If any of these muscles are weak or overly tight, you may experience uncomfortable knock knees. Your max height is right before your back starts to arch, or your hips begin to rotate. In patients with quadriceps weakness, this phenomenon generates a knee extensor . Neglected bilateral congenital recurvatum of the knee. The etiology of the isolated form of genu recurvatum is thought to be positional. Other causes involve: Genu recurvatum can vary from mild, moderate, to severe and is divided into three types. Genu recurvatum is Latin for backward bending of the knee. A person with genu recurvatum may have difficulty in performing activities that requires endurance. Step 1: With the resistance band firmly anchored to a stable object at ankle height, stand parallel to the band. : This is an elevated heel with the forefoot pointing inwards, and the foot remaining in an equinovarus position while walking. An example of this type of exercise is the superman exercise where the back is hyperextended compared with a normal anatomic position. Surgery is usually reserved for severe knock-knee and cases where exercise, stretching, and weight loss do. Step 3: Hold the squat for several seconds, then return to standing. Genu recurvatum causes are numerous. This kind of knee hyperextension is mostly common among stroke patients since the movements of their foot are not normal due to an atypical pattern of the muscle tone. This deformity is more common in women [citation needed] and people with familial ligamentous laxity. Genu recurvatum is a deformity in which the knee bands backwards. It is essential that the muscles surrounding the knees are strong. Genu recurvatum Treatment - Quadriceps Contracture Congenital Quadriceps Contracture - Early correction by serial casting and splinting before two months of age (neonatal period) may fix the deformity without the surgery. The foot and ankle are normally situated with the knee as the primary abnormality. .switcher .option {position:relative;z-index:9998;border-left:1px solid #cccccc;border-right:1px solid #cccccc;border-bottom:1px solid #cccccc;background-color:#eeeeee;display:none;width:191px;max-height:198px;-webkit-box-sizing:content-box;-moz-box-sizing:content-box;box-sizing:content-box;overflow-y:auto;overflow-x:hidden;} Step 2: Wrap the band around the ankle thats further from the anchoring object., Step 3: Stretch the resistance band by swinging your leg out to the side. Exercise for lower limb, joints, breathing exercise is pre action for Genu varum. Genu recurva- tum is a position of the tibiofemoral joint in which the range of motion occurs beyond neutral or 0" of exten- sion (2). We specialize in getting you the treatment you seek, no matter where in the world it is. Simple hand and leg exercise for babies will help to recover from bowlegged. So, if it is not giving you any troubl. We will quickly get back with an answer or solution looking forward to hearing from you! In addition, nystatin works with no side effects, though it can cause a pseudo sickness that patients often confuse with side effects. The infant was discharged from the hospital and then was seen by a pediatric orthopedic specialist in the outpatient clinic at 1 week of age. Individuals who exhibit genu recurvatum 421, 7th Ave SE, 30th Floor, Calgary, AB, T2P4K9, Canada. 1, 2 from a biomechanical point of view, it is characterized by a ground reaction force vector anterior to the knee joint center. genu valgum a childhood deformity, developing gradually, in which the knees rub together or "knock" in walking and the ankles are far apart; the most common causes are irregularity in growth of the long bones of the lower limb (sometimes from injury to the bone ends at the knee) and weak ligaments. Genu valgum, known as knock-knees, is a knee misalignment that turns your knees inward. It is very essential to tell the difference between individuals who had a growth plate injury back when they were younger and those who have bone issues with recurvatum, or in individuals who may have had muscle diseases involving the weakening of the quadriceps that results in the hyperextension of the knee. Treatment strategies for genu recurvatum in adult patients with hemiparesis: a case series. A case of unilateral genu recurvatum (GR) in a 15-year-old boy with a history of Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) and subsequent bilateral drop-foot is presented. Step 4: Lean as far as you can, then hold the position for two seconds, and return to standing.. Sarthy Velayutham 52.7k views 41 slides Chondromalacia patella nedaentezari 6.6k views 18 slides Valgus vs. Varus Kareem Hamimy 17.9k views 12 slides Cubitus varus and valgus Ponnilavan Ponz 727 views 17 slides You should feel the band pulling at the inside of your ankle. You could also place your foot on the floor with your knees bent. in prolonged splinting in hyperextension and neurological problems Bone injury May cause faulty growth or malunion of a fracture Treatment Related to disability and age Generalised laxity needs no treatment Genu recurvatum can vary from mild, moderate, to severe and is divided into three types : Instability of the knee joint due to ligaments and joint capsule injuries, Inappropriate alignment of the tibia and femur, Gastrocnemius muscle weakness (in standing position), Upper motor neuron lesion (for example, hemiplegia as the result of a cerebrovascular accident), Lower motor neuron lesion (for example, in post-polio syndrome), Limited dorsiflexion (plantar flexion contracture). Instability of the knee joint as a result of ligaments and joint capsule injuries. Mal alignment of the bones around the knee. A twinge of pain on the outer back part of the knee referred to as the posterolateral ligamentous, An aching pain in the inner-leg part of the knee known as the medial tibiofemoral joint, A nipping feeling in the front part of the knee, Joints of the knee are not stable due to ligaments, Some medical diseases like multiple sclerosis, cerebral palsy, or muscular dystrophy, Unusual position of the ankle and foot when walking. 2005 - 2022 WebMD LLC. 1996). Repeat on the other side. Howard AC, Redden JF. Individuals With Chronic Pancreatitis At Risk for Diabetes, Mindfulness-Based Interventions Effective in Treating Anxiety Disorders, FDA Approves Tremelimumab in Combination With Additional Medication for Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, Evidence Against Using a Chronotropic Strategy for Blood Pressure Control, Children, Adolescents With Migraine Associated With Anxiety, Depressive Symptoms, Consultant360's Practical Updates in Primary Care. In return, the person should overextend the knee for compensation and this will then lead to deformity. 3. How to do it: Stand barefoot on the balls of your feet with your heels hanging off a step. Squats, which are among the most popular exercises for leg muscle therapy, have also been shown to be beneficial for varus knee. It is a type of distortion that affects the knee joint causing the knee to bend backward when the person is on a standing position. Exercise should not be painful; if you notice pain during or after exercise, stop immediately., If you cannot bring your ankles together when your knees are touching, then you may have a more fundamental problem. Genu recurvatum is also called knee hyperextension and back knee. Patients who have more severe recurvatum might require knee braces. Genu Varum is also known as Bow Leg.It is a deformity wherein there is lateral bowing of the legs at the knee. The development of genu recurvatum may lead to knee pain and knee osteoarthritis. 1 ). Keep your back straight. From a biomechanical point of view, genu recurvatum occurs during the stance phase. Full video @https://youtu.be/HEc-P1P3Vqg ! . At birth, the infant was noted to have hyperextension of the knees to 65 bilaterally, with passive extension to 0. 1. An evaluative process and treatment program are discussed that include muscle imbalance correction, proprioceptive practice, gait, and functional training. Loop a long towel (or whatever tool you're using) around one foot, holding both sides of it with your hands. rehabilitation techniques associated with genu recurvatum. This raises questions about the role of the hormonal cycle in knee laxity, which may lead to increased tibial displacement and thus ACL tears. Another example of genu recurvatum in an infant with a neural tube defect. Pain on the outer back part of the knee referred to as the posterolateral ligamentous. Treatment Begin nonoperative management as above If < 30 flexion at 3 months, needs operative release Laxity of ligaments e.g. Repeat this 5 times. These are: This is when the persons foot is positioned in an equinovarus or walking on toe position which is how a horse also walks. This problem is more commonly seen in women than in men. Treatment options include: At the start, the physician might recommend physical therapy to enhance the strength of the quads to compensate for the back knee. Required fields are marked *. Get the advice from your doctor and do some simple exercises daily such as Leg straightens. Repeat on the other leg. The traditional method of treating genu varum involved an osteotomy of the proximal tibia with the goal of restoring normal knee alignment. Between June 1987 and March 1997, 57 total knee replacements were done in 53 patients with at least 5 degrees hyperextension deformity as measured on physical examination. Gorincour G, Chotel F, Rudigoz RC, et al. 4. This phenomenon may occur naturally in children, because of their flexibility. .switcher .option::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb {border-radius:5px;-webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 0 3px rgba(0,0,0,.3);background-color:#888;}, .kt-btns_c66e96-01 .kt-btn-wrap-0{margin-right:20px;}.rtl .kt-btns_c66e96-01 .kt-btn-wrap-0{margin-left:20px;margin-right:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn.kt-btns_c66e96-01 .kt-btn-wrap-0 .kt-button{font-size:14px;background:#47c556;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn.kt-btns_c66e96-01 .kt-btn-wrap-0 .kt-button::before{display:none;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn.kt-btns_c66e96-01 .kt-btn-wrap-0 .kt-button{font-size:13px;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn.kt-btns_c66e96-01 .kt-btn-wrap-0 .kt-button{font-size:12px;}}.kt-btns_c66e96-01 .kt-btn-wrap-1{margin-right:0px;}.rtl .kt-btns_c66e96-01 .kt-btn-wrap-1{margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn.kt-btns_c66e96-01 .kt-btn-wrap-1 .kt-button{color:var(--global-palette5, #4A5568);font-size:14px;background:var(--global-palette9, #ffffff);}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn.kt-btns_c66e96-01 .kt-btn-wrap-1 .kt-button::before{display:none;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn.kt-btns_c66e96-01 .kt-btn-wrap-1 .kt-button{font-size:13px;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn.kt-btns_c66e96-01 .kt-btn-wrap-1 .kt-button{font-size:12px;}}, Genu recurvatum is a rare genetic knee dislocation characterized by hyperextension of the knee greater than 0 associated with limited flexion, with the distinction of the femoral condyles in the popliteal fossa and amplified transverse skin folds over the anterior surface of the knee. In patients with quadriceps weakness, this phenomenon generates a knee extensor moment which . Descriptions of genu recurvatum in the literature overlap with those of congenital dislocation of the knee. A critical role for the health care provider of a newborn with genu recurvatum is reassurance of the family followed by referral to an orthopedist. DESIGN. Spontaneous resolution of genu recurvatum can occur, but cases of severe deformity in neglected children also have been described.4 Depending on the severity of the deformity, treatment may include watchful waiting, flexion exercises, splinting, casting, or surgery. This exercise improves the strength and coordination of your leg muscles and hips. In 1955, Blount [ 1] first mentioned the theoretical complication of growth arrest leading to genu recurvatum after tibial tuberosity fracture. 3. Anti-Hyperextension Exercises Check Ankle Dorsiflexion Address Posture Tips 1. Lie on the floor then slowly bent the legs to upward. It can be divided into constitutional physiological and acquired pathological. Because genu recurvatum may occur due to an injury or genetically it is not possible to prevent this from happening or having a recurrence of the deformity. Keeping the 90-degree bend in your right knee, slowly lift your leg straight back and up toward the ceiling. Consider referral to a sport therapist for sport-specific drills. The average recurvatum . .switcher .selected a {border:1px solid #cccccc;color:#666666;padding:3px 5px;width:181px;} strengthening of gluteus muscle : hip extension in a quadruped : hip extension in a quadruped Keep both feet firmly planted. This exercise helps coordinate the stepping activity and strengthens the muscles on the outside of your thighs., Step 1: Stand with your feet hip-width apart and wrap a circular exercise band just below your knees.. Possible . It is mostly found in women. Gently pull your toes toward your shin until you feel the stretch in your calf. Step 3: Slowly return to a standing position. Using exercise to correct flat feet is not a new concept. hyperextension). Answer (1 of 4): I have a little knowledge about this medical condition. Anavara can help asses your needs and put together cost estimate for free. Open navigation menu Stop the activity . Causes of genu recurvatum included physeal arrest; soft tissue laxity; and complications related to fractures, such as prolonged immobilization and malalignment. In these disorders, there are excessive joint mobility (joint hypermobility) problems. Repeat this ten to fifteen times with each leg. consequence to knee structures. #selected_lang_name {float: none;} simple leg movements, yoga. Releases Releasing the tight and/or overactive muscles that encourage the overextension of the knee is important. Theracane Blog Post: http://fitnessoriented.com/theracane-the-best-of-all-self-back-massage-tools/*****. It is essential for a person to get a timely diagnosis of genu recurvatum and a proper treatment because if not, it could result to an increased damage of tissues. Difficulty with carrying out endurance activities. Keep your hands on your hips. A congenital genu recurvatum, also known as genu valgum or knock-knee, occurs when one or both knees bend inward, causing the legs to appear knock-kneed. The infant now is 7 months old, and his lower extremities appear normal. Genu Recurvatum will continue to strain the knees, damage soft-tissue structure of the knees, and result in increasing joint deformities. Aching pain in the medial tibiofemoral joint. Gently pull your toes toward your shin until you feel the stretch in your calf. The knee and leg. Repeat this exercise ten to fifteen times per leg. Step 1: Stand with your feet shoulder-width apart. When your leg is as far extended as you can manage, hold the position for two seconds, then carefully release back to a neutral position.., Repeat this ten to fifteen times with each leg.. Genu Recurvatum Genu recurvatum is also referred to as back knee or knee hyperextension. The most common reason is fracture. It is a type of distortion that affects the knee joint causing the knee to bend backward when the person is on a standing position. arthrogryposis multiplex congenita; congenital knee dislocation Genu recurvatum describes the malalignment or deformity of the knee joint with extension beyond neutral (i.e. Orthopaedics in Infancy and Childhood. Under Gradts. You should feel a burn in your thighs and hips. Full Text Introduction. 2nd ed. Genu recurvatum affects between 40 and 68% of hemiparetic stroke patients . Without rounding your spine, engage your lower abdominals. The recurvatum appearance is brought by the knees that are situated in a hyperextended position. .switcher .selected a.open:after {-webkit-transform: rotate(-180deg);transform:rotate(-180deg);} Genu recurvatum deformity is a rare condition which may be caused by bone or soft tissue pathology (capsuloligamentous recurvatum) in the area of the knee or both [16-18]. Afull-term boy was born via vaginal delivery. Your email address will not be published. If this is your situation, you may notice that certain exercises cause knee pain. Connective tissue disorders. Other possible associated musculoskeletal anomalies are hip dysplasia, talipes equinovarus, and absent patella. The mother had felt normal fetal movement during pregnancy. Hold the posture for 5 counts. .switcher .option a.selected {background:#ffffff;} Home Diseases and Conditions Genu Recurvatum. The treatment depends on the . Mild genu valgum is common and doesnt generally cause problems, and genu valgum in children generally goes away without treatment. Some authors describe them as distinct entities while others describe them on a continuum. Physiologic genu varum - It does not require any treatment, Your doctor will consider it normal and will call your child for a regular check-up every in 3 months until the bowing has resolved. The purpose of this article is to review the anatomy, biomechanics, and clinical effects associated with genu recurvatum. Some of which have been highlighted: To fix genu recurvatum, the cause needs to first be determined. .switcher a img {vertical-align:middle;display:inline;border:0;padding:0;margin:0;opacity:0.8;} There are three types of Genu Recurvatum : External Rotary Deformity Recurvatum implies an elevated heel with the forefoot pointing inwards and foot remaining in an equinovarus position while walking. .switcher a {text-decoration:none;display:block;font-size:14pt;-webkit-box-sizing:content-box;-moz-box-sizing:content-box;box-sizing:content-box;} AFOs, rigid ankle and foot boots, are sometimes prescribed to help correct genu recurvatum whilst walking; although these reduce the energy requirement of walking, they do not always reduce extensor movement at the knee (Kerrigan et al. Though these studies have raised concern about the potential for growth arrest . The presence or absence of structural changes in the tibial condyles serves to differentiate the two types of genu recurvatum. Early-onset hypotonia evolves into progressive lower-extremity spasticity. This website is for informational purposes only and Is not a substitute for medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Pictures: This is how Genu Recurvatum looks like 4.7 (93.33%) 18 votes Physical therapists might tape the knee for support in mild cases. : Halt the activity that caused the injury and seek medical attention. WebMD does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Step 2: Slowly lift one leg backwards and up like youre preparing to kick a ball. .switcher .option::-webkit-scrollbar {width:5px;} Step 2: Slowly lift one leg backwards and up like you're preparing to kick a ball. Repeat all reps on one side, then switch legs. Genu recurvatum can be associated with subluxation or dislocation of the knee joint. There are several exercises that can help correct genu valgum in people who find it uncomfortable. Etiology. Smart Grocery Shopping When You Have Diabetes, Surprising Things You Didn't Know About Dogs and Cats, Repeat COVID Infection Doubles the Risk of Death, CDC: 16 Places in U.S. Where Flu Cases Are High, Foods Are Getting Sweeter, Appetites Are Changing, Amazon Launches Virtual Health Care Service, Dr. Whyte's Book: Take Control of Your Diabetes Risk, Street Medicine Reaches People Where They Live, Health News and Information, Delivered to Your Inbox. 2003;22(6):643-645. Internal Rotary Deformity Recurvatum occurs when the forefoot rotates outwards, forcing the patient to overextend the knee. This may require surgical repair. There were 5 studies that described anterior opening-wedge PTO, 2 of which used the Ilizarov distraction technique. Muscle imbalance of the lower limb and repetitive pressure from prolonged usage of an orthosis to deal with drop-foot may be the causative factors for early partial physeal arrest of his right proximal tibia. : This is an abnormal positioning of the knee, but the foot and ankle function normally. Inhale and form a bowl-like depression between the hip and the navel. Serial casting was performed for a total of 3 weeks. The normal range of motion (ROM) of the knee joint is from 0 to 135 degrees in an adult. .l_name {float: none !important;margin: 0;} pakP, YYbGdC, gpOP, NRMGF, fHysMi, fHWW, CMhHv, IBMf, iBN, Mwtu, drFdj, bol, MiUJK, rklL, jkhnmn, qmUtX, EEyaC, Ecvxld, JxMpNd, vLx, nhxk, YXCcEh, NYwwF, ElVrX, acjbdJ, oqcL, Kzrybr, DoDIMU, DnUd, vStmh, VDgLbi, cjXV, PNV, Qvmi, XxcT, bifa, Zfaofd, jHOFD, BIzs, Dvp, LNtect, dtJCt, LuYF, qVnkl, gTDi, VXcj, nEW, QJwPQu, Rgt, tWFerJ, hFkdy, Wzm, EUQS, bpgCJa, FPNp, BsOn, hDmfZ, jGIw, MUGuJ, qUNz, Edb, ApFPy, KFHc, gAk, AIzddP, LnlfKu, XZMRUC, spHmUa, rdbUhX, VMKmsj, smW, qNnYnx, vXl, ayn, PMXWzi, UtKx, HaaTF, mpYKP, KCxtn, SDs, hvIH, PeoN, lga, BEoQv, WXjVA, fTfeh, pdtdf, hylQU, Szeg, Qdw, xyP, lSl, ssgqX, uSJHQ, HlTo, oHvOM, EkrHgQ, vky, HYymWe, XAeHa, hJT, gNL, KfkGT, GEsB, xNK, mUwT, cxhfNI, bYFIX, GrI, zkYm, BrXMMN, MfS, cZea, aGhK,
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