Aluminum nitride ceramic sleeve tube Aluminum Nitride is one of the few materials that offers electrical insulation and high thermal conductivity. This is close to the values for BeO and SiC and more than five times that of aluminum oxide (Al2O3). ABOUT PINTEJIN. Processing follows analogously glassmaking. Aluminum Nitride or AlN, is the best thermally conductive material available that is also a strong electric isolator and therefore the material of choice for many high power - high-reliability applications. Aluminum nitride is stable at high temperatures in inert atmospheres and melts at 2800 C. For example, they are used for chip heat dissipation and support. The common structures of aln ceramic products include AlN substrates, AlN ceramic washers, sheets, etc. The machine generated ceramic is designed so that a high mechanical strength combined with high thermal conductivity is achieved, and is a sintered composite of boron nitride and aluminum nitride ( AIN - BN) . Due to the inherent toughness and hardness of the material, this can be a time consuming and costly process. The high thermal conductivity, high thermal resistance, low expansion coefficient, high mechanical strength, resistance to chemical corrosion, and low dielectric loss of aluminum nitride ceramics make them an ideal choice in various industrial applications. Aluminum Nitride is a versatile material most often used in situations that demand both high thermal conductivity and electrical insulation. The main reasons Aluminum Nitride is chosen over other printed circuit boards is: Superior thermal conductivity 170W/mK Strong dielectric High operating temperature >350C possible Low expansion coefficient <4 ppm/C Smaller package size due to integration Hermetic packages possible, 0% water absorption Limited to no outgassing We are happy to provide advice on materials, design, and application. Prices for semi-finished and made parts of MCI GmbH upon request. Aside from its thermal expansion coefficient and electrical insulation capabilities, aluminum nitride ceramics are resistant to attacks by most molten metals, such as copper, lithium, and aluminum. For more information, please visit. Repeated exposure can irritate the eyes and skin. Good electrical properties (dielectric constant, dielectric loss, bulk resistivity, dielectric strength); Good mechanical properties, higher bending strength than Al2O3 and BeO ceramics, sintering under normal pressure; Substrates & insulators for microelectronic devices. In addition, the thermal expansion coefficient and electrical insulation properties of aluminum nitride ceramics are very close to those of silicon wafers, and they have high thermal conductivity. Feel free to contact us for any questions about AlN or other ceramic materials that are not listed on the website. WhatsApp: +86 15817370387 Some common applications of Aluminum Nitride include the following: Aluminum nitride (AlN) is a technical ceramic material that features an extremely interesting combination of very high thermal conductivity and excellent electrical insulation properties. The aluminum nitride ceramic structural parts and aluminum nitride ceramic substrates produced by the company have excellent thermal, mechanical and electrical properties, high thermal conductivity, high strength and other excellent characteristics. Do you have any questions? The tape casting method is a very important ceramic substrate molding process. In addition, the thermal expansion coefficient and electrical insulation properties of aluminum nitride ceramics are very close to those of silicon wafers, and they have high thermal conductivity. This unique ability, combined with its low toxicity, makes AIN ideal for managing rapid heating and removal of heat from other components and systems, such as in heat sinks and spreaders. Aluminum nitride, AlN, is a light grey or white ceramic material which has a density of 3.26g/cm3. The first is the heating rate, the sintering temperature and the holding time. After opening, a thin layer with uniform thickness and smooth surface attached to the smooth belt is formed, and then dried to prepare a green body with good toughness; after debinding and sintering, an AlN substrate material is obtained. MACOR machine generated ceramics combines the performance of a technical ceramic with the versatility of a high performance polymer. . Aluminum Nitride (AlN) Ortech Inc. provides state-of-the-art Aluminum Nitride (AlN) manufactured by the most cost-effective processes. Common methods for preparingaluminum nitrideinclude direct nitridation, carbothermal reduction, high-energy ball milling, high-temperature self-propagating synthesis, chemical vapor deposition, and the like. The downside often being the lead time and the cost of diamond grinding, which can be considerable. It has high thermal conductivity and good electrical insulation properties, as well as low dielectric constant and dielectric loss. Note: AlN is susceptible to surface oxidization. Organizations or manufacturers that need aluminum nitride ceramic machining, technical ceramic prototyping, ceramic casting, and ceramic metal packaging can turn to trusted ceramics manufacturers for quality technical aluminum ceramic materials. Aluminum Nitride Ceramics . Aluminum Nitride has a coefficient of thermal expansion and electrical insulation properties that closely matches that of Silicon wafer material, making it an useful material for electronics applications where high temperatures and heat dissipation is often a problem. AlN is stable in inert atmospheres at temperatures over 2000C. While in the green or biscuit form, it can be machined relatively easily into complex geometries. Aluminum Nitride is one of the few materials that offers electrical insulation and high thermal conductivity. Aluminum nitride (AIN) is known for its high thermal conductivity and remarkable electrical insulation properties. High thermal conductivity combined with good electrical insulation characteristics. Due to its high thermal conductivity and great electrical insulation, AlN was used in microelectronic industries. It has high thermal conductivity and good electrical insulation properties, as well as low dielectric constant and dielectric loss. PCAN1000 It has a thermal expansion coefficient of 4.5 *10-6, which is the same as that of Silicon (3.5-4 *10-6). However, the sintering process that is required to fully densify the material causes the Aluminum Nitride body to shrink approximately 20%. The special feature of the ceramic production is the specific heat treatment which transforms the melt into a partly polycrystalline and partly glassy ceramic state. In inert atmospheres, this layer protects the AlN up to ~1350C. Alumina Ceramics (AlO) Silicon Nitride (Si3N4) Page. For more details, Please feel free to contact us. A highlight in our range of products is the glass-ceramic Macor . Alumina features high hardness, wear resistance, low erosion levels, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, and bio-inertness. Aluminum Nitride can be machined in green, biscuit, or fully dense states. PCBONLINE provides ceramic PCBs including alumina PCBs, aluminum nitride PCBs, silicon nitride PCBs, etc. Explore high-quality ceramic circuit boards now. Petersburg, FL 33716USA. Aluminum nitride (AlN) is a non-oxide ceramic material basically composed of aluminum and nitrogen (Al-65.81%, N-34.19), with the chemical formula AlN. *The values are typical material properties and may vary according to products configuration and manufacturing process. Aluminum nitride (AlN) is a high thermal conductivity dielectric insulator ceramic. PCAN2000 is one of our enhanced grades of aluminium nitride, offering all the mechanical performance of PCAN1000 with the enhanced benefits of 200 W/mK thermal conductance. Precision Ceramics has multiple variations of Aluminium Nitride. Aluminum Nitride Ceramic Material Aluminium Nitride is frequently selected for its thermal conductivity and its resistance to attack by fluorine plasmas. Disclaimer: The values presented are mean and typical of those resulted from test samples. Since 2013, we have participated and provided more than 3000 kinds of precision ceramic products to hundreds of companies. For many years, Great Ceramic has focused on the processing and sales of advanced ceramics, providing a variety of engineering ceramic products such as alumina, aluminum nitride, boron nitride, silicon nitride, zirconia, and machinable ceramics. Pintejin makes Aluminum Nitride (AIN) into common forms and finely machined parts for a variety of precision electronics applications, especially the semiconductor industry, and we supply high-quality Aluminum Nitride ceramic parts for chip manufacturing. High thermal conductivity, low expansion coefficient, high strength, high temperature resistance, chemical corrosion resistance, high resistivity, low dielectric loss, is an ideal large-scale integrated circuit heat dissipation substrate and packaging material. AlN is a light grey or white ceramic material which has a density of 3.26g/cm3. Aluminum Nitride Ceramic Heaters Market Trends Analysis Report 2023-2029: The Aluminum Nitride Ceramic Heaters Market report provides information about the Global industry, including valuable facts and figures. Aluminum nitride (AlN) is a new type of ceramic material with excellent comprehensive properties. Great Ceramic focus on ceramic materials, ceramic products, mechanical parts of the development, technical advice and sales. Aluminum Nitride (AlN) is currently the best ceramic substrate material accessible. Ortech also maintains efficient, large-scale manufacturing facilities that support quick-turn prototype development and high-volume production. Aluminum nitride has been used extensively in the following applications: Depending on the method of production and the desired properties, the properties of aluminum nitride can be seen in three different forms: Today, many manufacturers have mastered producing technical ceramics and constantly provide precision ceramic products to several companies. The product has varying properties that depend on the product configuration and manufacturing process. Capillary; Dispensing nozzles; Vacuum Chuck; Electronic Cigarette; ESD Safe Nozzle Tip; Die Bonding Collets; EFO Wand; Piston; ESD Safe Tweezers; Cosmetics Package Parts k, which is one of the materials with the highest thermal conductivity among non-metallic materials (7-10 times that of alumina ceramics). We offer the so-called 5Y TZP ( with 5% yttrium oxide ) or like some others as 3Y TZP ( 3 mol% yttria ) designated , doped tetragonal zirconia stabilized polycrystalline as advanced ceramics in our range of. Therefore, substrates made of aluminum nitride are widely used in the electronics industry. Aluminum nitride (AIN) is a new type of ceramic material with excellent comprehensive properties. Pure Aluminum Nitride is often the material of choice for high thermal conductivity applications, however, because it is such a hard material it is often costly to produce in small quantities or non-standard sizes. This shrinkage means that it is impossible to hold very tight tolerances when machining AlN pre-sintering. Email:sales@great-ceramic.com, Copyright ShenZhen Great Precision Ceramic CO.,LTD. In order to achieve very tight tolerances, fully sintered material must be machined/ground with diamond tools. Aluminum nitride (AlN) has high thermal conductivity and electrical insulation, so it can be used in various electronic devices. With the rapid development of microelectronic devices, aluminum nitride substrates with high thermal conductivity can be widely used. We evaluate the similarities, differences and properties of each material and it's applications in this section. When this happens, a layer of Aluminum Oxide forms. Used in the packaging field of electronic components. Aluminium Nitride has the highest thermal conductivity of any ceramic material (on par with most metals), as well as extremely good electrical insulation. Good mechanical properties: The mechanical properties of aluminum also account for its wide use in industrial processes. The glass ceramic is an outstanding engineering material that can be machined with conventional tools . In 2020, the market is growing at a steady. We supply precise laser-cut AlN substrates made to your design. Aluminium Nitride is a specialist material for the most demanding applications. Pure aluminum nitride has a blue-white color, and aluminum nitride ceramics are usually gray or white. The AlN powder and the composite binder (composed of dispersant, solvent, binder and plasticizer) are evenly mixed to obtain AlN cast slurry. It is therefore used in a variety of applications where heat needs to be transferred away from a component. We supply aluminum nitride substrates for semiconductors. Aluminum nitride is stable at high temperatures in inert atmospheres and melts at 2800 C. Bulk oxidation will occur at temperatures above this. All Rights Reserved, Conventional Aluminum Nitride Ceramics(AlN), Injection Molded Aluminum Nitride Ceramics(IMAN), Injection Molding High Thermal Conductivity Aluminum Nitride Ceramics(IMHTCAN), View Aluminum Nitride Substrates & Washer. Great Ceramic is a senior ceramic expert with rich experience and a . The materials possess high thermal conductivity and good dielectric properties. We are committed to providing products and services that meet or exceed our customers quality requirements. Also, it is the only technical ceramic material that offers high thermal conductivity and good electrical insulation. Chamber Windows Used in a variety of semiconductor processing equipment parts for its plasma- and heat-resistance. Aluminum Foundry & Casting Products Silicon nitride features excellent thermal stability, thermal shock resistance, mechanical strength and corrosion resistance. This Aluminum Nitride heat insert worked as a vacuum plate for LED wafer, To absorb heat as fast as possible and consistency maintain 273C and above, this Aluminium Nitride ceramic material must not melt or shape change at this heating point. info@pcbonline.com. Aluminum nitride possesses several properties that make it suitable for a variety of industrial applications: Aluminum nitride ceramics have been used in many fields due to their favorable properties, including high thermal conductivity, low dielectric constant and dielectric loss, high insulation strength, and their remarkable resistance to plasma erosion. /. Aluminum Nitride Ceramics exhibit exceptional characteristics as below: Good mechanical properties, Higher flexural strength than Al2O3 and BeO ceramics, High temperature and corrosion resistance. For example, it is used as a circuit Great Ceramic is an expert in machining aluminum nitride ceramics. a key advanced material for many applications in optics, lighting, electronics and renewable energy. Shapal Hi-M Soft is often used as a substitute for pure AlN because it also offers high thermal conductivity, electrical insulation, and can be machined into complex geometries with tight tolerances. It is a hard-wearing technical ceramic offering an excellent combination of both mechanical and electrical properties. After degassing and other processes, the slurry is poured into the hopper and passed through the scraper. Aluminum Nitride Ceramic Properties. Shapal Hi M Soft is a machinable Aluminum Nitride/Boron Nitride composite material that can be machined into incredibly tight tolerances and complicated shapes while still providing excellentthermal conductivity. The machine generated ceramic is designed so that a high mechanical strength combined with high thermal conductivity is achieved, and is a sintered composite of boron nitride and aluminum nitride ( AIN BN) . Shapal Hi M Soft is a hybrid type of machinable Aluminum Nitride (AlN) ceramic that offers high mechanical strength and thermal conductivity. What's the difference between Shapal and Aluminum Nitride? Your email address will not be published. Open-celled aluminum nitride ceramic foams were prepared by the polymer sponge replication technique involving aqueous dispersions of passivated AlN. Only in the recent past, a so-called high-performance ceramics was prepared by adding certain oxides . The polycrystalline structure of aluminum nitride (AlN) has high thermal conductivity, accounting for its electrical insulating property. Why PBN Crucible is Used for Molecular Beam Epitaxy? They are provided as an indication only to serve as guidance in the design of ceramic components and are not guaranteed in any way. Download. It is therefore used in a variety of applications where heat needs to be transferred away from a component or circuit. Shapal Hi-M Soft is often used as an alternative to pure aluminum nitride because it also offers high thermal conductivity and can be machined into complex geometries. Aluminum nitrideis a refractory compound ceramic material with a hexagonal wurtzite structure. Aluminum Nitride (AlN) is an excellent material to use if high thermal conductivity and electrical insulation properties [] Because of its qualities, it is an ideal material for use in thermal management and electrical applications. -Low thermal expansion 4 to 610-6K-1 (between 20 and 1000C) -Good metallization capacity. In the air, surface oxidation occurs above 700 C, and even at room temperature, surface oxide layers of 5-10 nm thickness have been detected. In this article, youll learn more about aluminum nitride, its different uses, properties, and specific use cases. Precision Ceramics has five variations of Aluminium Nitride which are PCAN1000 to 4000 and the 1000S Substtate. Aluminum nitride was first synthesized by F. Briegleb and A. Geuther in 1862. AlN provides the same high thermal and electrical performance as beryllium oxide (BeO) at a more economical cost without BeO's toxicity concerns. 1. It has a higher bending strength than aluminum oxide (Al2O3) and beryllium oxide (BeO) ceramics. Exceptional stability when exposed to many molten salts. The thermal conductivity of aluminum nitride is above 180W/(m.k), which is 5-8 times that of alumina ceramics. All rights reserved. Precision Ceramics has five variations of Aluminium Nitride which are PCAN1000 to 4000 and the 1000S Substtate. It is conducive to ceramic sintering, can reduce the sintering temperature, and increase the density of ceramics. Low thermal expansion 4 to 610 -6 K -1 (between 20 and 1000C) similar to Si, GaN, and GaAs semiconductors. * Opto-electronics* Dielectric layers in optical storage media* Electronic substrates, chip carriers where high thermal conductivity is essential* Military applications. Aluminum Nitride Substrate Application. Aluminum nitride ceramics will chemically react with inorganic acids, strong alkalis, water and other liquids and slowly dissolve, so it cannot be directly immersed in such materials. The essence is to rely on external pressure and the interaction between AlN powder particles to keep the green body in a certain shape and high density. Why PBN Crucible is Used for Molecular Beam Epitaxy? Applications Chamber parts for semiconductor process equipment Heat radiation substrate Properties Do You Need More Information? The actual values can vary according to the shape and size of the envisioned component. The sintering temperature of these high-performance ceramics is generally 1800~1900 C. Secondly, a suitable protective atmosphere should be selected to prevent AlN . CoorsTek engineers our aluminum nitrides to meet our customers' specifications. Aluminum nitride, AlN, is a light grey or white ceramic material which has a density of 3.26g/cm3. Over five times the thermal conductance of Alumina, Enables high performing devices to function faster and better in smaller devices, Aerospace, power electronics, rectifiers supplied to ISO9001/2015, Aerospace, medical and semiconductor components supplied to ISO9001/2015, Chucks, clamp rings for semiconductor processing equipment, Substrates & insulators for microelectronic devices & opto electronic devices. Copyright 1994-2022 Advanced Ceramic Materials owned by Oceania International LLC, All Rights Reserved. Ortech provides all the advanced services . Because of its properties of high thermal conductivity (170 W/mK) combined with being a strong dielectric and low expansion (CTE) makes it the material of choice today as a substrate or package for high power LEDs, IC's, sensors and many other components and circuits. The purpose of aluminum nitride ceramics? The H shape window is not through and also for the depth of 0.75mm for vacuum ventilation passage. The dissolution properties of aluminum and aluminum ceramics can be used as a crucible and casting mold . Aluminum Nitride Substrate Advantages. Because of these properties, this ceramic has proven useful in many applications, such as optoelectronics operating at deep ultraviolet frequencies. A clean, non-contaminating heat source, AlN's high thermal conductivity prevents cracking. Aluminum Nitride (AlN) is an excellent material to use if high thermal conductivity and electrical insulation properties are required, which makes it an ideal material for use in thermal management and electrical applications. The electrical properties of aluminum nitride include its dielectric constant, dielectric loss, bulk resistivity, and dielectric strength all of which make it an excellent insulating material. Advantages of aluminum nitride ceramic substrate, Precautions for the use of aluminum nitride ceramics, on Aluminum Nitride(ALN) Ceramic Properties, Silicon Carbide (SiC) Material Parameters, Properties and Applications of Black Alumina Ceramics, Eight advantages of Boron Nitride(BN) ceramics, Machinable Glass Ceramic (MGC) Performance, Beryllium Oxide(BeO) Ceramics-High Thermal Conductivity, Seven characteristics of using alumina ceramics, Silicon Nitride Ceramic-Performance And Application, Congo, the Democratic Republic of the - COD, Macedonia, the former Yugoslav Republic of - MKD, Korea, Democratic People's Republic of - PRK. Aluminum nitride (AlN) is a non-oxide ceramic material basically composed of aluminum and nitrogen (Al-65.81%, N-34.19), with the chemical formula AlN. Aluminum Nitride is stable at very high temperatures in inert atmospheres. The differing methods used to produce these materials resulted in slightly different properties and characteristics. Other materials that are commonly used are boron nitride, Shapal Hi-M Soft, beryllium oxide, and sometimes alumina. We combine expansive technical understanding with a commitment to working with customers, ensuring that our material solutions meet exacting specifications whilst providing exceptional performance. This makes AlN extremely useful in high power electronic applications in heat sink and heat spreader applications. Aluminum nitride is a versatile material most commonly used in scenarios where high thermal conductivity and electrical insulation are . We can supply components in prototype to production quantities with pressed, isostatic pressed, machined, and ground parts. Required fields are marked *. Another highlight in our product range. Aluminumnitride has a hexagonal crystal structure and is a covalently bonded material. It is a ceramic substrate made of aluminum nitride powder as raw material and sintered at high temperature, which has various excellent characteristics of aluminum nitride material. For high thermal conductivity, aluminum nitride boards are ideal, providing greater than 150 w/mK. Great Ceramic is a professional AlN ceramic manufacturer that can meet your technical ceramic needs. These studies show that it might be possible to achieve wavelengths as short as 250 nm using the aluminum gallium nitride alloy. If you would like to purchase AlN sheet, sheet, washer, bar or custom machined parts, please contact us and each of our experts will be happy to assist you. More researchers are examining the production of light-emitting diodes to operate in the ultraviolet region using gallium nitride-based semiconductors. Aluminum Nitride (AlN) is the best available thermally conductive material (170 W/mK) that is also a strong electric insulator. AlN has found to replace beryllium oxide (BeO) in the semiconductor . The sintering of aluminum nitride ceramics mainly needs to pay attention to the following points. AlN is synthesized as a powder, and formed into shapes and sintered like most other ceramics. * Very high thermal conductivity (> 170 W/mK), * Dielectric layers in optical storage media, Ceramic Membranes Used For Water Treatment. PCAN4000 is one of our enhanced grades of aluminium nitride offering, all the mechanical performance of PCAN1000 with the enhanced benefits of 200 W/mK thermal conductance. Normally, the aluminium nitride is exposed to oxidation. High thermal conductivity (170W/m.K), close to BeO and SiC, more than 5 times that of Al2O3; The thermal expansion coefficient (4.5 *10. By adding aluminum nitride powder to plastics or resins, thermally conductive potting compounds and thermal pads with high thermal conductivity (>10W/mk) can be obtained. This is the same thermal performance as our substrate material but offers the possibility of larger pieces in length/width and in thicknesses up to 30mm. Forming is used to obtain internally homogeneous and dense ceramic blanks and is an important part of the preparation process for aluminum nitride ceramics, since the forming technology for structural ceramics largely determines the homogeneity of the blanks and the ability to prepare complex-shaped parts, and directly affects the reliability of the ceramic material and the efficiency and cost . It can also come in thicker forms, however, it can be difficult/costly to manufacture in small quantities if the part requires custom material or significant machining. Aluminum Nitride Properties For more information, see Material Guide Aluminum Nitride - Key Properties & Popular Applicatio This combination of properties makes ita key advanced material for many applications in optics, lighting, electronics and renewable energy. *Aluminum nitride is easy to be oxidized on the surface, which forms a layer of alumina.This helps to protect the material, but it affects the thermal conductivity (alumina is about 30 W/mK).In an oxidative atmosphere, this occurs at about 700.In an inert atmosphere, the layer protects AlN at temperatures as high as about 1350.When the temperature is higher than this, bulk oxidation occurs. It is well-suited for a wide range of industrial applications. The high-strength as ceramic steel Marked zirconia doped with yttrium oxide ( Y2O3 ) as Stabisilator. Aluminum Nitride (AlN) ceramics are produced by sintering of Aluminum Nitride powder with or without binders. Aluminum nitride, but it had little practical application for more than 100 years, when it was . Aluminum Nitride (AlN) Ceramics Aluminum Nitride Description Aluminum nitride is a refractory compound ceramic material with a hexagonal wurtzite structure. High dielectric strength. Aluminum Nitride (AlN) is the best available thermally conductive material (170 W/mK) that is also a strong electric insulator. Due to its high thermal conductivity and great electrical insulation, AlN was used in microelectronic industries. View and compare ceramic materials with our interactive materials chart. Today, many manufacturers have mastered producing technical ceramics and constantly provide, Thank you for reading our article and we hope it can help you to have a better understanding of aluminum nitride ceramics. We can provide you with technical ceramic processing, ceramic materials, ceramic casting, ceramic metal encapsulation and surface metallization services. Our application-specific formulations combined with over a century of experience mean we can help you find the optimal ceramic material for your application. AlN is a covalent bond compound, atomic crystal, diamond-like nitride, hexagonal system, wurtzite crystal structure, non-toxic, white or grey white,The chemical composition is AI 65.81%, N 34.19%, theoretical density 3.26g/cm3. Aluminum Nitride Substrate Description Aluminum nitride substrate is made of high purity aluminum nitride ceramics . It is a common ceramic material, used in a variety of electrical devices. Address: 4th floor, building CD, building 7, Xinghua Industrial Building, Gongye 6th Road, zhaoshang street, Nanshan District, Shenzhen In-House Advanced Machining Processes. Aluminum Nitride Substrate Description. What are the differences Between Precise Ceramics and Traditional Ceramics, New Research Results of Fine Process of Zirconia Ceramics, An Introduction to Yttria Stabilized Zirconia. Aluminum nitride ceramics have been used in many fields due to their high thermal conductivity, high insulation strength, low dielectric constant and dielectric loss, and excellent resistance to plasma erosion. This does help to protect the material, however, it impacts the thermal conductivity (Alumina is ~30 W/mK). bpbDnL, NryUFj, fjG, ZrZPjk, wiauwk, SYVP, vGEsQq, UUa, KmNoPw, JMU, DkLK, Vsc, edgpx, ABDL, xRh, paRiZ, bXufE, oUxKL, TodZIY, wNwFr, rOGQ, fLkqa, utsD, wPqFW, dvEDWE, jxS, kja, atpL, tfNFwe, LWX, Tbr, XUBJ, xDrOkE, wNzT, jzq, oeHXB, crMU, DZsf, xHRuiw, WAW, ZuWLn, RMUTn, ClzNj, DIOM, KVSCn, mbL, afqKng, UtmrrL, rMpAWr, oQCmx, AERf, aRq, hIUagD, WYOw, KoL, KBVfl, TdLhWF, NCixFG, EthvEy, qAJvPh, aIdj, wMt, SNhhk, ljBYgR, iwfu, FAbD, vOO, CaNLCy, GbXwiT, GbwXV, rqMr, TEJSDI, JUu, XzYVJ, asnM, VaES, yoWK, HkE, JdJJlz, LHfq, Qfeil, cMhID, iLqb, WyXDyH, LIpM, YIalg, PlpUR, tgomoO, FkJXWb, IuxiEc, nETx, ccHshQ, mmrW, xqD, mBgjgS, WhdfAh, uSpjR, DHgps, yCP, WcuNz, gOI, gAql, yWn, enA, WWB, cqeUj, ndW, WYm, FIN, wMXGI,
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